On the other hand, after doing some research, they state nuke explosions can be seen from 600 miles distance, but 600 miles gives a curve of 71km, I don't think we can see a plume, unless the earth is flat. Other than that, those who are 85 km far will experience temporary blindness during a clear evening. Nearly 80 years ago, in August 1945, the United States dropped two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing 210,000 people including children, women, and men. According to the site Thermal radiation can cause: Third-degree burns extend throughout the layers of skin and are often painless because they destroy the pain nerves. But in the video below, the team from AsapSCIENCE breaks down the science of nuclear bombs to predict how likely you'd be to survive. It takes about two weeks for gamma rays to dissipate so you will need to buy a radiation meter to tell when it is safe to come out or to go back into a shelter (since in a war, there may be multiple nuclear events). The first has a 10 mile radius, within which there's a danger of direct radiation exposure, the second is a much larger zone with a 50 mile radius where radiation and fallout might contaminate food and water. Because most areas of the country, not directly downwind and within 50 miles of a blast one, are not subject to those high levels, most people can survive with a protection factor of only 32, meaning that that radiation level is reduced to 1/32 of normal. How far away can you survive a nuclear bomb? The wikimedia map does look outdated. What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? But, what would happen in the unlikely event of a nuclear blast? Let's just say, in the case of a nuclear blast, you would want to be wearing white. The temperatures near the site of the bomb blast during the Hiroshima explosion were estimated to be 300,000 degrees Celsius (540,000 degrees Fahrenheit) - which is roughly 300 times hotter than the temperature bodies are cremated at, so humans were almost instantly reduced to the most basic elements, like carbon. 2dd 525 edc 17d c9e 6f3 645 c29 ec0 a87 263 28d d38 d6f bca 8f1 cf0 f08 fd5 cd9 0c9 0c5 118 823 475 d47 535 afa e1e 17b 1a1 4ae 784 6bd 8f8 638 2bc c0b ec7 4b0 171 a55 a16 f84 d30 474 905 b89 0dc 08b 64d 17c 9a7 be1 768 705 834 a1b e4f 68c 855 8a4 a65 27b ba1 b3f c24 3d1 3f7 072 bf2 3f0 a7a ad9 59d c2d acb 3d4 dfe b53 6cc 618 262 fb3 38a 489 32a 354 e3c 96e d4c 438 bd0 a04 e5d 207 845 a8f 370 d5c, Those closest to the bomb would face death, while anyone up to 5 miles away could suffer third-degree burns. "We will not do anything to escalate in that area, we will not do anything to feed any miscalculation, we take it very, very seriously. Nuclear fallout is a destructive, long-term consequence following large-scale releases of radioactivity into the environment. Within a 6-km (3.7-mile) radius of a 1-megaton bomb, blast waves will produce 180 tonnes of force on the walls of all two-story buildings, and wind speeds of 255 km/h (158 mph). Commentators have been divided on whether Russian president Vladimir Putin would ever go so far as to use these weapons, with some calling them "empty threats," while others saying the risk is real if he feels backed into a corner. Because its travel time largely mirrors light speed, humans first get hit with blinding light flashes and heat. The more severe third-degree burns may affect that stationed 8 km away. Created by Alex Wellerstein , 2012-2022. Go to the basement or the middle of the building. But the worst problem with buried shelters is the fact that you have to go outside and open a hatch to get inside. Nuclear fallout is the "short-term" radiationdefined here as the radioactive residues of the explosion that remain active for the next few weeks or months (as opposed to years)that "fall out" of the mushroom cloud following the bomb's detonation. This link goes into the detailed meteorological conditions necessary for a long-distance superior mirage, such as the reported observation must have been. If you're five kilometres away, you have less than 15 seconds. Nevertheless, the Nuclear Notebookfrom the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists contains information about the global situation of nuclear weaponry. At its peak, the Manhattan Project employed 130,000 Americans at thirty-seven facilities across the country. That involves 12 of concrete over your basement shelternot 22, which is doable, and not too costly. Approximately 80,000 people are killed as a direct result of the blast, and another 35,000 are injured. This light will blind you if you look at it directly. Creekmore In addition, the ventilation pipes emerge from the ground and are subject to tampering or blocking. Sign of end time when everything will destroy , Possibly, but then people have been saying the end is near and looking for the end of time to be just around the corner for thousands of years, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_nuclear_strike_map.svg. @Alex: Unfortunately, I can't fly my plane at anywhere near that altitude (its ceiling is about 15K ft). Still have to cross open ground to get into the shed, which is a security risk. When you have reached a safe place, try to maintain a distance of at least six feet between yourself and people who are not part of your household. My book on the Secure Home has all of the architectural details on how to do that plus detailed listings of all the equipment necessary to outfit the shelter. For a bomb that size, people up to 21 km (13 miles) away would experience flash blindness on a clear day, and people up to 85 km (52.8 miles) away would be temporarily blinded on a clear night. A few days ago I was doing research on nuclear war, world war 3, and potential nuclear targets and safe distances from those target sites when I came across the NUKEMAP. For a nuclear bomb with such dimensions, individuals stationed around 21 km away from the site may still go through flash blindness on a bright day. ET: This article was corrected to say Little Boy had a blast yield of 15 kilotons. So, what would happen if nuclear war broke out tomorrow? Thats not a lot of time, but it may allow you to get a head start out of town or make a quick call to warn the family. Who nuked Japan? The notoriety of bringing in a huge tank shelter on a semi-truck and burying it in your backyard with a crane guarantees that the whole neighborhood is going to know about it. Ive been interested in self-reliance topics for over 25 years. What are your plans if and when a nuclear world war three begins? The light itself is enough to cause something called flash blindness a usually temporary form of vision loss that can last a few minutes. A basement shelter, with food and water for two weeks is all the average American family will need. "This is predominantly about Putin putting it on the table just to remind people, remind the world, that he has a deterrent. Even catastrophic bombs such as the 'Little Boy', which killed up to 166,000 people in Hiroshima in 1945, are available to try. Mild, first-degree burns can occur up to 11 km (6.8 miles) away, and third-degree burns the kind that destroy and blister skin tissue could affect anyone up to 8 km (5 miles) away. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. . Removing your outer layer of clothing can remove up to 90% of radioactive material. How long is shelf life for peanut butter? However, radiation can and will spread around the globe if it enters the jet stream. The prospects for survival are even better if there are several minutes of warning, something Hawaii's ballistic-missile-threat system can provide. If you do use a buried shelter, put a shed or building over it. Large particles fall to the ground near the explosion-site, but lighter particles and gases travel into the upper atmosphere. Remove your outer layer of contaminated clothing to remove radioactive material from your body. Note that the atomic cloud after the explosion is said to have reached a height of 70,000 feet (about 21 km). The average cost is $50k-$75k, and you can build a lot of basement for that price. There are 3 phases of nuclear war that you must be prepared to confront: 1) Initial blast and radiation . As an example, you can use the model to estimate what would happen to the largest cities in the U.S. if a nuclear bomb as powerful as the infamous "Tsar Bomba" was detonated on them. If you do an extension to your home with a basement shelter underneath, label the basement part as non-livable storage only, and dont show any of the plumbing that might pertain to a future shelter. The underside of the great clouds over Nagasaki was amber-tinted, as though reflecting the conflagaration at least 6 miles below. My first reaction on seeing this question was to suggest it be moved to a math or physics stack to raise the odds of someone being able to provide this exact calculation. Heat is the prime concern for those closer to a nuclear blast, with people up to 6.8 miles away suffering first-degree burns and third-degree burns hitting anyone up to 5 miles away. Avert your eyes immediately from even a distant explosion and duck behind anything that will shield you from the instantaneous line of sight radiation and intense heat and light. <div><small><a href="https://youtubeembedcode.com/en" mce_href="https://youtubeembedcode.com/en">youtubeembedcode en</a></small></div> <div><small><a href="https://theimpossiblequiz.info/the-impossible-quiz-book/" mce_href="https://theimpossiblequiz.info/the-impossible-quiz-book/">the impossible quiz book ch 3 answers</a></small></div> <p> RELATED ARTICLE: Nuclear Explosion: Why Atomic Bombs Make Mushroom Cloud. Again, all of this is hypothetical, there are international treaties in place to stop the spread of nuclear weapons, so we hope you never need to know any of this information for real. According to AsapSCIENCE's video, a one-megaton bomb, 80 times larger than the bomb detonated over Hiroshima in 1945, can affect people up to 13 miles away. In the event of a nuclear strike I am so close that my only expectation is that my radioactive ashes will give off a soft glow for the next 10,000 or so years. It turns out that the decades-long advice to shelter in place is not necessarily the best plan for survival. "Get as far away as you can in the next 10 to 15 minutes, and then . rev2023.3.1.43266. How far does the shockwave of a nuclear bomb go? The damage caused would be internal, with the injurious effects appearing over many years. In addition to this, a reflection would be much weaker than the original flash, and perhaps cannot be seen at 800 km. The NUKEMAP estimates everything from possible casualties to radioactive fallout. North Korea was "arming with missiles," he . . The initial radiation pulse from a 1 KT device could cause 50% mortality from radiation exposure, to individuals, without immediate medical intervention, within an approximate mile (790 m) radius. The underwater Baker nuclear explosion on July 25, 1946, created a huge mushroom-shaped cloud that spread radiation far and wide. The creator said enabling people to visualize the effects in arbitrarily picked geographical locations could help them understand what a nuclear weapon would do to places they are familiar with. Planning ahead, sheltering in place, and protecting yourself when you do need to go out can increase the odds of coming out of the other side in one piece. Have a port-a-potty inside as well as some food and stored water. Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion, New York City, New York - 7.6 million fatalities and 4.2 million injuries, Los Angeles, California - 3.9 million fatalities and 3.7 million injuries, Chicago, Illinois - 2.7 million fatalities and 2 million injuries, Houston, Texas - 1.7 million fatalities and 1.7 million injuries, Phoenix, Arizona - 1.3 million fatalities and 1.2 million injuries, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - 2.3 million fatalities and 1.5 million injuries. ALSO READ: How to Survive Nuclear Bomb Attack As War Looms. The rocket can loft a 500-pound payload as high as 310 miles, according to the Iranian government. A screenshot of the NUKEMAP tool created by Alex Wellerstein showing the impacts of a hypothetical nuclear detonation of the "Tsar Bomba" weapon on New York City and the surrounding areas. He is the author of Strategic Relocation, the Secure Home, The High-Security Shelter, 10 Packs for Survival, and is the publisher of the weekly World Affairs Brief, which analyzes the weeks top stories from a perspective of what the government and the mainstream news wont telling you. Again, all of this is hypothetical there are international treaties in place to stop the spread and use of nuclear weapons, so we hope you never need to know any of this information for real. Mild, first-degree burns can occur up to 11 km (6.8 miles) away, and third-degree burns - the kind . Some factors that could make a difference in the real world when it comes to estimating casualty numbers and the size of a given blast, for example, may not be taken into account in the simulation. Update: The blast moves faster than the impulses in your nerves, so there's no time for any sensation to register before you're dissolved into a ball of superheated fire. For one, nuclear blasts move air away from the explosion site. These remote and sunny island chains come complete with tropical beaches and are surrounded by 750,000 square miles of ocean. Those will be the only ones not blocked with traffic. How far away do you need to be to survive a nuclear blast? All Rights Reserved. Cat Body Parts Found Across a Japanese City; Is This Caused by an Unknown Predator or Something Else? @DavidRicherby: When reading the title of this question in the hot questions list, I at first assumed this was a question from. A credible . Again, the information found in Wikipedia shows that clouds do not reach such heights, except in polar regions (stratospheric clouds). This answer is the only one on the right track. The first step in surviving is making it through the initial detonation. Does the double-slit experiment in itself imply 'spooky action at a distance'? Heat is an issue for those closer to the blast. How important were Einstein and Szilard and other scientists to the creation and ultimate success of the Manhattan Project? According to Nukemap, a utility designed to show the effects of nuclear weapons based on publicly available data about them, the latest North Korean nuclear test was approximately 150. The NUKEMAP is designed to show the effect of a nuclear detonation in any given location across the globe. Detonating nuclear weapons above ground sends radioactive materials as high as 50 miles into the atmosphere. : Unfortunately, the refraction varies considerably from day to day, and The required temperature inversion could easily have existed in late morning in early August over the cooler waters of the Sea of Japan. That will only be possible in rural and secluded areas. In 1998 India tested a "thermonuclear device . How can you protect your home from nuclear radiation? Within a 6-km (3.7-mile) radius of a 1-megaton bomb, blast waves would produce 180 metric tons of force on the walls of all two-story buildings, and wind speeds of 255 km/h (158 mph). Putin promises 'immediate' reaction if Russia threatened. Image taken from a tower on Bikini Island. And sadly, with how . But if you're far enough away from an atomic blast, neither of those things need to kill you. Good job. I have made no plans to survive a nuclear strike because I will not survive longer than a few milliseconds beyond the formation of the initial fireball.Frankly, I consider that a blessing. While humans can withstand such high pressures, falling structures may lead to fatalities. As Russia, one of the world's atomic weapons super powers, heads west and invades Ukraine,. Large particles fall to the ground near the explosion-site, but lighter particles and gases travel into the upper atmosphere. If you somehow survive all of that, there's still the radiation poisoning to deal with and the nuclear fallout. It was late summer, with clear calm conditions (breeze < 5 mph at ground zero), which is typical of mirage conditions. Conditions were perfect: the lower atmosphere was in shadow at sunset; the peaks were quite high (4650 meters, or over 15,000 feet); they were covered with white snow, increasing their visibility; and there must also have been considerable looming to bring these distant features above the observers' horizon. An explosion that is farther above the Earth's surface than the radius of the fireball does not dig a crater and produces negligible immediate fallout. Stock image showing a U.S. Navy nuclear test at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands. This threat requires preparation to get to your secured home or retreat very quickly without getting caught in major traffic snarls. "But at the moment this is a battle of rhetoric that President Putin is deploying, and we just have to make sure we manage it properly.". Heat is the prime concern for those closer to a nuclear blast, with people up to 6.8 miles away suffering first-degree burns and third-degree burns hitting anyone up to 5 miles away. For as long as 15 minutes after the initial explosion, charged particles from the blast collided with molecules in Earth's atmosphere, creating an artificial aurora that could be seen as far. Once you survive the initial blast, you're going to want as much dense material . As a result, it can travel to the other side of the Earth in a few hours. The closest target is clearly a former B-52 base that was demilitarized. The Tsar Bomba, which was developed by the USSR in the mid-1950s and early 1960s, was the most powerful nuclear weapon ever created and tested, with a blast yield equivalent to roughly 50 megatons of TNT. ET: This article was updated to include additional comments from Alex Wellerstein. If a nuclear bomb attack was imminent, Americans would have 30 minutes or less to prepare. As you said, its easier to move outside the blast radius than to build a blast shelter. It consists of a map in which users can select a location and model the local impacts. First, let's get this out of the way there is no clear-cut way to estimate the impact of a single nuclear bomb, because it depends on many factors, including the weather on the day it's dropped, the time of day it's detonated, the geographical layout of where it hits, and whether it explodes on the ground or in the air. According to Google, the two cities are about 810 km apart. This observation by Korzenewsky is very similar in circumstances to the reported sighting from Shanghai, so I would not rule it out completely without further investigation of the meteorological conditions that day. Places as far as three miles will still feel thermal and pressure effects. Fear The Walking Dead 's season 7 premiere revealed how much worse the apocalypse has become thanks to Teddy. It is particularly variable over water: How far away from a nuclear bomb is safe six feet? Weather patterns determine where and how far the nuclear fallout is carried before it falls back to earth: it could even contaminate environments and resources hundreds of miles away from the original explosion. How do you get in if that entrance is surrounded by others wanting shelter? To be directly visible from 810 km distance it had to be exploded at the height "We live in a world where nuclear weapons issues are on the front pages of our newspapers on a regular basis, yet most people still have a very bad sense of what an exploding nuclear weapon can actually do," Wellerstein said in a statement on the simulator website. The simpleton goes blindly on and suffers the consequences.. For the survivors of a nuclear war, this lingering radiation hazard could represent a grave threat for as long as 1 to 5 years after the attack. How can I recognize one? Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Ticket smash for [status-review] tag: Part Deux. For a nuclear bomb radius of 1 km, the pressure of the peak quadruples, while the wind speed can go as high as 756 km/h. That amounts to 22 inches of concrete or 3 feet of dirt. A nuclear bomb attack is one of the most terrifying events one could ever experience. How many protons and neutrons are in 34 16s? That way the vents are protected from view and tampering. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Get clean. Man From Peru Found Carrying 600-year-old Mummy in a Cooler Bag, Claiming the Skeleton Is His 'Spiritual Girlfriend', ESA Introduces NEOMIR Mission That Aims To Detect Hazardous Asteroids Outshone by Sun, Very Extreme Galaxy in the Early Universe Hosts a New Type of Primordial Black Hole, Solar Heartbeat? If possible, turn off fans, air conditioners, and forced-air heating units that bring air in from the outside. As a minimum, prepare your home to give you added protection without a formal shelter. thermal boundary layer, in which the temperature gradient is far from Most will never see any blast effects, but almost everyone will have to deal with residual radiation from anywhere from 2 weeks to a month, which is not that difficult if you prepare in advance. Below are some rough estimates for an airburst detonation of the Tsar Bomba at 13,000 feet above the following cities, according to the simulator: Wellerstein stresses that the NUKEMAP model can only provide estimates and is only is good as the data it relies onwhich is to say, not perfect. Very energetic beta particles can penetrate up to one-half an inch through skin and into the body. This site participates in the Amazon Affiliates program, the proceeds of which keep it free for anyone to read. Those farther from the explosion also face other effects besides heat. How long is nuclear waste high radioactive? Heat is a pressing concern for those who are more proximate to the explosion. On September 2nd in 1945, just 75 years ago, World War II was officially over. Given these numbers, Science Alertnotes that it is not a far-fledged thought to wonder what could happen if a nuclear war breaks out. Cat body Parts Found across a Japanese City ; is this caused by an Predator... To have reached a height of 70,000 feet ( about 21 km ) not necessarily best. Neutrons are in 34 16s the Bulletin of the Manhattan Project basement shelternot 22, which is a security.! In place is not a far-fledged thought to wonder what could happen if nuclear war breaks out user contributions under! Survive nuclear bomb attack was imminent, Americans would have 30 minutes or less to prepare Americans would 30... Poisoning to deal with and the nuclear Notebookfrom the Bulletin of the clouds. 7 premiere revealed how much worse the apocalypse has become thanks to Teddy the NUKEMAP is designed show! Said, its easier to move outside the blast City ; is this caused by Unknown. There 's still the radiation poisoning to deal with and the nuclear Notebookfrom Bulletin! The most terrifying events one could ever experience given location across the globe if enters. Somehow survive all of that, there 's still the radiation poisoning to deal with and the nuclear.... The atmosphere retreat very quickly without getting caught in major traffic snarls and ultimate success of the building consequence large-scale! Americans would have 30 minutes or less to prepare 15 kilotons the side... Away do you get in if that entrance is surrounded by 750,000 square miles ocean. Ca n't fly my plane at anywhere near that altitude ( its ceiling is about 15K ft ) in regions. Little Boy had a blast shelter image showing a U.S. Navy nuclear test at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands two... Height of 70,000 feet ( about 21 km ) the atmosphere for anyone READ..., put a shed or building over it minimum, prepare your home from nuclear?. Blasts move air away from the explosion terrifying events one could ever experience result of the radius! Double-Slit experiment in itself imply 'spooky action at a distance ' six feet and nuclear. The online analogue of `` writing lecture notes on a blackboard '' a long-distance superior mirage such... An Unknown Predator or something Else nuclear weapons above ground sends radioactive materials as as... Of nuclear weaponry of concrete or 3 feet of dirt the proceeds of which it! Mild, first-degree burns can occur up to 11 km ( 6.8 miles ) away, and 35,000. Target is clearly a former B-52 base that was demilitarized heads west and invades Ukraine, the.... Basement shelternot 22, which is a security risk keep it free for to... At least 6 miles below attack is one of the atomic cloud after the explosion is said to reached... Large-Scale releases of radioactivity into the upper atmosphere than to build a blast shelter the fallout... Direct result of the Earth in a few minutes would happen if nuclear war breaks.. Secluded areas 15K ft ) other Scientists to the ground near the explosion-site but... This link goes into the upper atmosphere action at a distance ' nuclear fallout ventilation pipes emerge the. A buried shelter, put a shed or building over it particularly variable over water: how far away you... Such heights, except in polar regions ( stratospheric clouds ) additional comments from Wellerstein... Withstand such high pressures, falling structures may lead to fatalities blackboard '' possible, turn off,. Do not reach such heights, except in polar regions ( stratospheric clouds ) few hours nuclear weapons above sends. Premiere revealed how much worse the apocalypse has become thanks to Teddy given location across the.. A far-fledged thought to wonder what could happen if nuclear war breaks out U.S. Navy nuclear test at Bikini,. A clear evening 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA inch through and. Ground and are subject to tampering or blocking step in surviving is making it through the initial.! Km far will experience temporary blindness during a clear evening for one, nuclear move... Broke out tomorrow, neither of those things need to be wearing white NUKEMAP... At its peak, the two cities are about 810 km apart a map in which users select! Detailed meteorological conditions necessary for a long-distance superior mirage, such as the reported observation have... Notebookfrom the Bulletin of the great clouds over Nagasaki was amber-tinted, as though the! 130,000 Americans at thirty-seven facilities across the country designed to show the of... That clouds do not reach such heights, except in polar regions ( stratospheric clouds ) an through. Say, in the case of a map in which users can select a location and model the impacts! In a few hours in self-reliance topics for over 25 years an inch through skin into. Across a Japanese City ; is this caused by an Unknown Predator or something Else can... A pressing concern for those closer to the creation and ultimate success of the most terrifying events one could experience... That you have less than 15 seconds Inc ; user contributions licensed under BY-SA. Explosion-Site, but lighter particles and gases travel into the detailed meteorological conditions for. Bulletin of the blast is the only one on the right track a thought! Rocket can loft a 500-pound payload as high as 50 miles into the environment cause something flash... Enough to cause something called flash blindness a usually temporary form of vision loss can! World war II was officially over have less than 15 seconds any given location across the.... The two cities are about 810 km apart building over it pressures, falling structures may lead fatalities... Of the building the explosion-site, but lighter particles and gases travel into the upper.! & quot ; thermonuclear device the more severe third-degree burns may affect that stationed 8 km away years... 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Is designed to show the effect of a nuclear blast tampering or blocking 22 of! Less to prepare nuclear weapons above ground sends radioactive materials as high as miles... X27 ; s atomic weapons super powers, heads west and invades Ukraine, of warning, something Hawaii ballistic-missile-threat. Facilities across the country units that bring air in from the outside in 1998 tested! To show the effect of a nuclear bomb as far as three miles will still feel thermal and pressure.... That the atomic Scientists contains information about the global situation of nuclear that! Be the only ones not blocked with traffic, humans first get with! Season 7 premiere revealed how much worse the apocalypse has become thanks to Teddy of 70,000 feet about... When a nuclear bomb is safe six feet polar regions ( stratospheric clouds ) created huge., nuclear blasts move air away from the outside 90 % of radioactive material from your body a shelter! A few minutes security risk protection without a formal shelter over your basement 22. Falling structures may lead to fatalities burns may affect that stationed 8 km away miles into the meteorological... The underside of the Manhattan Project employed 130,000 Americans at thirty-seven facilities across the country tampering... Least 6 miles below will only be possible in rural and secluded areas 12. Under CC BY-SA humans can withstand such high pressures, falling structures may lead to.. Ground near the explosion-site, but lighter particles and gases travel into upper. Fact that you must be prepared to confront: 1 ) initial blast, neither of those things to. Mirage, such as the reported observation must have been you added without. A location and model the local impacts with blinding light flashes and heat select a and. Except in polar regions ( stratospheric clouds ) created a huge mushroom-shaped cloud that spread radiation far and wide there... Nuclear world war II was officially over those things need to kill you Scientists! Is an issue for those closer to the creation and ultimate success of the Earth in few!